Beginning - Students performing at this level of English-language proficiency may have few or no receptive or productive English skills. They can only understand a few concrete details during unmodified mathematics instruction. They may be able to respond to some communication and learning demands, but they make many errors. Oral and written production is usually limited to a few words and memorized statements and questions. Their sentences often consist of less than a few words. Frequent errors make communication with these learners difficult. Intermediate - Students performing at this level of English-language proficiency use their English-language skills to meet most of their informal communication demands. They are able to identify and understand more concrete details and some major abstract concepts in their mathematics classrooms. They are able to respond with increasing ease to more varied communication and learning demands. These students may have strong conversational English but often lack a command of the language features necessary to master math content. They lack knowledge of academic and content-specific language. Their oral and written production usually includes sentences, paragraphs, and original statements and questions. Errors prevent them from communicating in school contexts effectively. Advanced - Students performing at this level of English-language proficiency communicate effectively with various audiences on a wide range of familiar and new topics to meet social and learning demands. In order for students at this level to attain the English-proficiency level of their native English-speaking peers, further linguistic enhancement and refinement are still necessary. They are still in the process of learning academic and content-specific words, grammatical structures, and discourse features. Students at this level are able to identify and summarize concrete details and abstract concepts during unmodified instruction in all content areas. Their oral and written production often reflects discourse appropriate for content areas. Errors are infrequent and normally do not interfere with communication.
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